Hyperbaric chambers come in a wide range of pressures, shell types, and sizes, and the terminology can be confusing if you're shopping for the first time. Below are the questions we hear most often, answered plainly.
What is a hyperbaric chamber and how does it work?
A hyperbaric chamber is a sealed enclosure that raises the air pressure around you above normal sea-level pressure, measured in ATA (atmospheres absolute). Some chambers are also used with a separate oxygen concentrator to increase the oxygen concentration you breathe while inside. Raising pressure and oxygen availability together is the basic principle behind hyperbaric oxygen exposure; the equipment itself is a pressure vessel, not a treatment in itself, and how it's used depends on the setup and the guidance of a qualified provider.
What does ATA mean, and what's the difference between 1.3, 1.5, and 2.0 ATA chambers?
Normal sea-level air pressure is 1.0 ATA. A 1.3 ATA chamber raises pressure about 30% above normal; a 2.0 ATA chamber roughly doubles it. Consumer soft-shell chambers most commonly operate between 1.3 and 1.5 ATA. Hard-shell chambers can typically reach higher pressures, up to 2.0 ATA or more, which is why they're built from rigid materials rather than fabric. Higher-pressure chambers generally require more oversight, sturdier construction, and in many cases a trained operator.
What's the difference between a soft-shell and a hard-shell chamber?
Soft-shell chambers are made of a flexible, airtight fabric supported by an internal frame, and typically operate at lower pressures (around 1.3–1.5 ATA). They're lighter, easier to move, and generally lower cost — our OxyRevo Apex, Elite, Heal40, and Forward90 lines and the Macy-Pan ST801/ST2200 and L1 fall in this category.Hard-shell chambers use a rigid acrylic or metal structure that can safely hold higher pressures (up to 2.0 ATA and above), and are typically larger, heavier, and more expensive. All our Hyperbaric Chamber brands — Tecnotu, Macy-Pan, OxyRevo, and Kingshare offer various models in hard-sell hyperbaric chambers. Hard-shell chambers are also more often built for multiple occupants at once.
Should I choose a sitting or lying chamber?
This mostly comes down to personal comfort, session length, and available space. Lying chambers let you stretch out and are often preferred for longer sessions, but they take up more floor space (many run 6–8 feet long — check the exact dimensions on each product page). Sitting or capsule-style chambers, like the Macy-Pan L1 or the Kingshare seated capsule models, have a smaller footprint and can be more comfortable for shorter sessions. Some multiplace chambers, like the Macy-Pan MC4000, offer both sitting and semi-reclined positions in the same unit.
Do I need a separate oxygen concentrator, and is it included?
This varies by model — some chambers are sold as the pressure vessel only, with an oxygen concentrator sold separately, while others include one or offer it as an add-on. Check the specific product listing for what's included before you buy. Or, please reach us at sales@selectedcomfort.com and we can help you decide. If a concentrator isn't included, you'll need a compatible unit rated for the chamber's flow requirements; not all consumer oxygen concentrators are designed for hyperbaric use, so confirm compatibility before purchasing one separately.
Is a home hyperbaric chamber the same as hospital HBOT?
Not necessarily. Hospital and clinical HBOT is typically delivered in hard-shell chambers at higher pressures, under direct medical supervision, for specific FDA-cleared indications. Consumer soft-shell chambers sold for home use generally operate at lower pressures and are marketed as wellness or mild hyperbaric equipment rather than as a substitute for clinical HBOT. If you're considering a chamber for a specific medical condition, talk to your doctor about what pressure, protocol, and supervision level is appropriate — don't assume a home unit replicates a clinical treatment.
What is hyperbaric oxygen therapy FDA-cleared to treat?
The FDA has cleared hyperbaric oxygen therapy, delivered in a clinical setting under medical supervision, for a specific list of indications that includes conditions like decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, certain non-healing wounds, and a small number of other diagnoses. This clearance applies to specific clinical devices and protocols, not to hyperbaric chambers broadly. The FDA has separately warned that hyperbaric chambers are being marketed for many conditions they are not cleared to treat. If you're weighing a chamber against a specific health condition, that's a conversation to have with a physician, not something to decide from product marketing.
Are hyperbaric chambers safe? Who shouldn't use one?
Hyperbaric chambers change air pressure in an enclosed space, which carries risks if used incorrectly — including ear and sinus barotrauma, and, when oxygen concentration is increased, a small fire risk if flammable materials or ignition sources are present. People with certain conditions, including some lung and ear conditions, uncontrolled seizure disorders, or who are pregnant, are often advised against use without medical clearance. Always read the manufacturer's safety manual in full, follow equipment operating instructions exactly, and check with a doctor before your first session.
How long and how often should sessions be?
Session length and frequency vary by chamber pressure and the manufacturer's guidance, but many consumer soft-shell protocols run 60–90 minutes per session. There's no universal answer for how often to use a chamber — this depends on your goals, the specific device, and, ideally, guidance from a healthcare provider. Always follow the operating manual for your specific model rather than a generic online protocol, since maximum pressure, recommended duration, and safety limits differ by chamber.
How much space and power does a home chamber need?
Space requirements depend heavily on the model — compact sitting or capsule chambers can fit in a spare room or closet-sized space, while full lying chambers often need a dedicated room with at least 8–10 feet of clearance in one direction. Most home chambers run on a standard household outlet, though some larger hard-shell or multiplace units may require a dedicated circuit — check the electrical specifications on the product page. Ceiling height, doorway width for delivery, and flooring that can support the chamber's weight are also worth confirming before you order.
How much does a hyperbaric chamber cost?
Prices range widely based on shell type, pressure rating, and capacity:
Compact soft-shell, single-person: roughly $9,000–$13,000
Larger soft-shell sitting chambers: roughly $10,000–$15,000
Hard-shell chambers:Â typically start around $22,000, and can exceed $80,000 for multiplace units built for several occupants at once
Oxygen concentrators, if not included, are usually an additional cost.
What maintenance or certification does a chamber need?
Maintenance requirements depend on the chamber type. Soft-shell chambers generally need regular zipper, seam, and valve inspection to maintain an airtight seal. Hard-shell chambers, especially higher-pressure units, often have manufacturer-recommended inspection schedules for seals, viewing ports, and pressure-relief valves. Some jurisdictions and insurers require periodic pressure-vessel inspection or certification for higher-pressure hard-shell chambers — check your local regulations before installation, particularly for any chamber rated above 1.5 ATA.
Comparing chambers? Browse our full hyperbaric chamber collection, including OxyRevo soft-shell portable chambers, Macy-Pan soft- and hard-shell models, and Kingshare capsule-style chambers.